http://www.epi.org/publication/white-workers-have-nearly-five-times-as-much-wealth-in-retirement-accounts-as-black-workers/

"However, as private-sector employers largely replaced defined-benefit pensions with defined-contribution plans, black workers fell behind their white counterparts. By 2014, only 47 percent of black workers had a retirement plan at work, versus 53 percent of their white counterparts. Black workers are both less likely to be offered a retirement plan and to opt into a voluntary plan—though whether or not they are offered a plan in the first place is the larger factor."